Mandarin Future Expression Using Yao and Hui

The two auxiliary verbs, yà  o and huà ¬, can be used for talking about the future in the sense of going to do something or intending to do something. Consider these two sentences: WÇ’ yà  o qà ¹ BÄ›ijÄ «ng.我è ¦ Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬WÇ’ huà ¬ qà ¹ BÄ›ijÄ «ng.我æÅ"Æ'åŽ »Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬ The first sentence, using yà  o, indicates an intention to go to Beijing. The second sentence, using huà ¬, indicates a confident prediction of going to Beijing. Intention or Prediction The two sentences above can be translated as: WÇ’ yà  o qà ¹ BÄ›ijÄ «ng.I am going to Beijing.orI want to go to Beijing.WÇ’ huà ¬ qà ¹ BÄ›ijÄ «ng.I will go to Beijing (I expect I will go to Beijing). Yà  o is sometimes (but not always) used with a time expression to differentiate between want and intend. When used without a time reference, the only way to determine the exact meaning of yà  o is by context or clarification. Here are some more examples: NÇ  yà  o mÇŽi shà ©nme dÃ… ngxÄ «?ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¨ ² ·Ã§â€Å¡Ã© º ¼Ã¦  ±Ã¨ ¥ ¿?ä ½  Ã¨ ¦ Ã¤ ¹ °Ã¤ »â‚¬Ã¤ ¹Ë†Ã¤ ¸Å"è ¥ ¿?What are you going to buy?orWhat do you want to buy?NÇ  huà ¬ mÇŽi shà ©nme dÃ… ngxÄ «?ä ½  Ã¦Å"Æ'è ² ·Ã§â€Å¡Ã© º ¼Ã¦  ±Ã¨ ¥ ¿?ä ½  Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¤ ¹ °Ã¤ »â‚¬Ã¤ ¹Ë†Ã¤ ¸Å"è ¥ ¿?What do you expect to buy?Chà ©n xiÇŽojie mà ­ngtiÄ n yà  o gÄ“n wÇ’ shuÃ… .é™ ³Ã¥ ° Ã¥ § Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¨ ¦ Ã¨ ·Å¸Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¨ ª ªÃ©â„¢Ë†Ã¥ ° Ã¥ § Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¨ ¦ Ã¨ ·Å¸Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¨ ¯ ´Miss Chen is going to speak with me tomorrow.Chà ©n xiÇŽojie mà ­ngtiÄ n huà ¬ gÄ“n wÇ’ shuÃ… .é™ ³Ã¥ ° Ã¥ § Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦Å"Æ'è ·Å¸Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¨ ª ªÃ©â„¢Ë†Ã¥ ° Ã¥ § Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¨ ·Å¸Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¨ ¯ ´Miss Chen expects to speak with me tomorrow.

The Counterculture Of The Sixties - 2107 Words

The 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s are all both memorable and marked as influential time periods for what is the current culture of the United Sates. This paper will discuss the influence of each decade stated previously. The first factor to be considered is fashion and how it played a significant role in shaping the catwalk today. The Hippie Movement in the 60s and 70s was in large part a reason for many political protests. Music in the 80s can be considered the most recent as well as strangest influencing factor contributing to the culture of the United Sates. This paper will first go back into the 50s and explain the effect the fashion during this time period on the country. Fashion in the 50s was a direct result of the post war suburbia†¦show more content†¦The clothing options included: pencil skirts, swing skirts, pedal pushers, cigarette pants, collared blouses, and much more. There were a wide variety of shoes for the girls and women as well, including the saddle shoes we a ll know and â€Å"love†! that are very well â€Å"loved†! New ideasInnovations in textile technologythe fabric world after following the war gave America resulted in a bunch of new types of clothsnew fabrics like such as spandex; this was a great type of fabric for sportwear of both genders in the new suburban lifestyle, volleyball shorts and easy-care fabric finishes that fitted the suburban lifestyle of the 1950s with its emphasis on casual sportswear for both men and women . For the first time, teenagers became a force in fashion. In 1947, Dior launched the first â€Å"House of Dior† collection. This went down in fashion history as thewas now known as the New Look for the 1950s. The signature go-to shape was known for its branded by a below-mid-calf length, big skirtfull-skirt, pointedy chestbust, small and cinched waist, and a round shaped shoulder line. This silhouette has drastically changed from its manly previous more masculin and e, stiff, triangtriangle ular shape, to a very much more feminine oneform. Handmade suits had fitted jackets with peplums, usually worn with a long, narrow pencil skirt. Day dresses had fitted body and full skirt, with low-cut necklines or Peter PanShow MoreRelatedThe Sixties Countercultures818 Words   |  3 PagesThe Sixties were a time of major change in United States society. We had reached beyond modernity with technology, consumerism, and the youth leading us to the suburbs of discontent. According to Hugh Heclo, â€Å"There came surge of personal discontent and social self-questioning that would constitute the great awakening of the 1960s.† He goes on to argue that people no longer accepted the status quo and from the counter culture groups we have studied in class this is evident. People were more concernedRead MoreBob Dylans The Sixties Counterculture1622 Words   |  7 PagesTo und erstand the sixties counterculture, we must understand the important role of Bob Dylan. His lyrics fueled the rebellious youth in America. Songs such as â€Å"Blowin’ in the Wind† and â€Å"The Times are A-Changin† made him favorable to anti-war demonstrators and supporters of the Civil Rights movement. He was commonly hailed as the spokesman for his generation. Dylan used lyrics to allow the youth to find their own form of counter-culture. The youth generation began to see the effects racism, war, etcRead MorePositive and Negative Impacts of the Sixties Counterculture1532 Words   |  7 Pageslifestyles and radical beleifs were the shocking blow that American culture-- segregation, McCarthyism, unjust wars, censorship--needed to prove that some Americans still had the common sense to care for one another. The young people of the sixties counterculture movement were successful at awakening awareness on many causes that are being fought in modern American discou rse. If not for the Revolution that the hippies began, political or social reform and the Peoples voice would be decades behindRead MoreThe Issues Of Urban Poverty1197 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican life was transformed in the 1960s from the start of the decade. The 1960s consisted of new rights and new understandings of freedom. The sixties consisted of rights for racial minorities to be involved in the mainstream of the American lifestyle. However, unsolved issues of urban poverty still existed. Women in the 1960s established a conversion in women’s status, for instance, women entered the paid workforce. America experienced a growth of conservative movements, consequently, the 1960sRead More The Turbulen Sixties Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pages The Turbulent Sixties Throughout American history, each generation has sought to individualize itself from all others preceding it. Decades of American history can be separated to represent a distinctive set of values, culture, and political ideals. The 1960s was a decade caught between euphoric, idealistic beginnings and a discordant, violent climax. The music of this time period produced a strong counterculture which sought to influence America in a way never before experienced. The songs wereRead MoreThe Vietnam War and Its Effects on Society During the 1960s1594 Words   |  7 Pagesthe bombing of several coastal facilities in Northern Vietnam3 . Many anti-war movements started in late 1964 on college campuses due to the strong sense of student activism that dominated much the vast teenage portion of American society4 . 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When it first dawned that drugsRead More Counterculture During the Vietnam Era Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesCounterculture During the Vietnam Era With a country in shambles as a result of the Vietnam War, thousands of young men and women took their stand through rallies, protests, and concerts. A large number of young Americans opposed the war; with a common feeling of anti-war, thousands of youths united as one. This new culture of opposition spread like wild fire with alternative lifestyles blossoming, people coming together and reviving their communal efforts, demonstrated in the Woodstock Art andRead MoreRevolution of Music Essay1577 Words   |  7 Pagescreating a new segment of youth searching for new entertainment (Rock and Roll). Music of the 1960s was the new entertainment for the baby boom generation and impacted America by: starting new trends in genres of music, opening diversity of artists, counterculture movements, and music festivals. Music tends to follow the trends of its listeners; genres come and go with popularity. Rock and roll was considered to have its golden era in the 1960s. It peaked with performances by such artists as Sly and theRead MoreThe 1960s Of The 1960 S1394 Words   |  6 PagesThe Eagles, arguably none were as influential as The Beatles. Consisting of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr, helped change the face of popular culture of the 1960’s through their music, image, and influence on the counterculture of the time. The Beatles originally started off as The Quarrymen in 1957, headed by John Lennon and consisting of other musicians. That same year Paul McCartney was invited to join the group by John Lennon, and eventually joined by George Harrison

Typical Selling Approach And Societal Marketing - 1449 Words

TYPICAL SELLING APPROACH AND SOCIETAL MARKETING INTRODUCTION: Marketing is usually understood as a bridge between the companies (offering products and services) and ultimate customer or consumers. Through marketing sales of goods and services take place between customer and a company in exchange of money. Companies generally use typical or traditional selling approach for their offerings. Traditionally company gather knowledge of and target the needs and wants of a particular group of people and then market their products and services to that targeted group and then through their sales professional sell their goods and services to the people of targeted group (William, 2011). This is the general practice of all most all the companies and it is referred to as typical selling. Typical selling approaches has become absolute now as world is changing at a very fast pace. The globalization has created a very strong competitive environment. Therefore now companies have started thinking differently in order to cope up with the competition in the market and corporate sectors. Companies have started switching to societal marketing approach from typical selling approach. This helps them to gain not only competitive edge over the other companies’ offerings but also provide maximum customer satisfaction and contribution towards the well-being of a society. SOCIETAL MARKETING APPROACH: The societal marketing approach entails the concept that a business should make the decision about theShow MoreRelatedCalvin Klein And Its Brand s Prestige And Image1869 Words   |  8 PagesCalvin Klein offers products such as fragrances, women s apparel, footwear, eyewear, watches and jewelry. A tiered-brand strategy was established for Calvin Klein to provide a focused, consistent approach to global brand growth and development. 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Winsor, Loyola Marymount University ABSTRACT This paper compares the often-criticized selling orientation or selling concept with the commonly-praised societal marketing concept from the perspectives of consumer rationality and persuasibility. It is suggested that both orientations view consumers as relatively irrational and as easily prone to manipulation by marketers. The implications of this similarity are exploredRead MoreBusiness7439 Words   |  30 PagesChapter 16 Marketing Ethics and Social Responsibility GENERAL CONTENT: Multiple-Choice Questions 1. The marketing concept is a philosophy of customer satisfaction and _____. a. mutual interest b. mutual gain c. innovation d. needs met e. none of the above (Answer: b; p. 495; Moderate) 2. You have just read the latest survey about consumers’ attitudes toward current marketing practices. 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Works of Bertrand Russell-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the works of Bertrand Russell. Answer: Bertrand Arthur William Russell also known as Bertrand Russell, he was born in Britain and was one of the most celebrated philosophers of that time, he was also a mathematician, social critic and a historian. Russell was born in a highly distinguished aristocratic families of United Kingdom in the year 1872 and was educated at Cambridge University. Russell also considered himself to be a liberal and a socialist although he accepted the fact that he was never a firm believer of any of those theories. In the year 1890, he received a scholarship to study for the subject Mathematics Tripos at Trinity College, Cambridge, there he met G. E. Moore and also became influenced by Alfred North Whitehead, and he referred him to the Cambridge Apostles (Cambridge's secret society of elite intellectual). He distinguished himself in the field of mathematics and philosophy, he graduated with a B.A. in mathematics in the year 1893 and later also added a fellowship in philosophy in the year 1895. He al ways believed that ideas could bring about a huge change in the world. Bertrand Russell is considered as the greatest philosophers of the 20th century and an immensely talented person in logics since the time of Aristotle (Fritz). The analytical philosophy was the most popular form of philosophy during the 20th century and it became more popular with the help of Bertrand Russell. Russell and A.N Whitehead developed the logic system; they broke out the system of logic from the theories of Aristotle and established a different theory based on the works of the Dedekind, Cantor, Peano and Frege. He wrote a number of books based on a vast range of topics, few of his works are, German Social Democracy, An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry, A Critical Exposition of the Philosophy of Leibniz, War Crimes in Vietnam and The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell. Some other mentionable books of Russell are Principles of Mathematics, Principia Mathematica ( published along with A.N. Whitehead), Anti-Suffragist Anxieties, The Problems of Philosophy, Introduction to M athematical Philosophy, Sceptical Essays, Why I Am Not a Christian, and A History of Western Philosophy. Being one of the countrys most prominent intellectuals Bertrand Russell won Nobel Prize for Literature in the year 1950"in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought". Russell was involved, in several social and political issues during his own time (Candlish). He supported the suffragist movement, freedom of religious thoughts and morals, and the idea regarding government of the world; he vehemently continued propaganda against the World War I and War in Vietnam, political persecution and nationalism. He also went to jail for his anti-war ideologies and his anti-nuclear weapons beliefs. One of the most popular works of Russell is in the subject of logic, his discovery of Russell Paradox and his works regarding the theory of types added great value to the field of mathematics. He believed that that mathematics is, in some significant sense, reducible to formal logic (Madigan). The work of Russell in the field of analytical philosophy is one of the most prominent ones. In a way, Russell relied on logic to clarify the issues related to mathematics in similar way he also used logic to define the tenets of analytical philosophy (Roos). He founded the Analytical Philosophy and he also made many important contributions in a variety of subjects like ethics, epistemology, political theories and metaphysics. Rudolf Carnap and the Vienna Circle was significantly influenced by the advances made by Russell in logic and metaphysics. Russell believed that, it is the task of the philosopher to develop an ideal language, which will also be logical. A language that will show the way the world functions in such a manner so that the human beings will not fall prey to imprecise surface and structure of natural language. Russell wrote that Ordinary language is totally unsuited for expressing what physics really asserts, since the words of everyday life are not sufficiently abstract. Only mathematics and mathematical logic can say as little as the physicist means to say (Grayling).In the year 1911 he wrote There is one great question, Can human beings know anything, and if so, what and how? (Stone). This question is really the most essentially philosophical of all questions. He aimed to understand how the human beings are able to gain knowledge and to what extent gaining knowledge is possible (Hylton). Russell was motivated by this question from the question of the outside world, it is believed that the knowledge gained by the humans comes from the conclusions drawn from the best explanations, if it is so then such explanations are always fallible, there is no guarantee that the beliefs of the individuals are reliable. Russell led a hugely successful life; along with his groundbreaking works in analytical philosophy, he also involved himself a lot in politics. He often spoke out in favour of internationalism and as early as the year 1904 and he also ran for Parliament in 1907 and was unsuccessful (Dummett). In the year 1907, he fully endorsed the Liberal platform although he stood as an independent candidate. He also believed in the inclusion of the women in the franchise and he knew that such radical changes could only be made possible through constitutionally recognized means, and after 3 years he published his book Anti-Suffragist Anxieties(1910). After World War I started Russell started campaigning against the war and he was charged with a fine of 100 pounds for writing anti-war pamphlets. After he was convicted, he was dismissed from his faculty at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was a professor (Dunham). He was imprisoned for the second time after two years, and this time he had suggested that the American troops could be used to terrorize the strikers in Britain. Resulting in his imprisonment, he was sentenced to Brixton Prison for five months. In the successive years 1922 and 1923 Russell contended for parliament but was unsuccessfull this time as well, later he and his wife Dora founded a school, which they continued through the late 1920 to early 1930s (Stone). Russell also took part in some radical activities, which includes his support of the post Victorian Sexual practices. The people easily linked him to be an atheist, and this idea was made popular after participated in a debate with Fredick Copleston a Jesui t philosopher over the existence of the Almighty. He became the third Earl after the death of his brother in the year 1931, he continued to have radical beliefs that made his life very difficult. In the late 1930s in United States while he was teaching at UCLA , he was asked to join as a faculty member position at City College, in New York (Ayer). The particular job offer was later cancelled in 1940 after there was a series of protests made against this decision; according to the judicial decision, he was found to be unfit for teaching at City College on moral grounds (Blackwell). The decision was taken somewhat based upon his atheistic views and partly because he supported freedom of love and unconventional marriages. In 1954, Russell made his well knownMans Peril broadcasted on the BBC, taking against the Bikini H-bomb tests and condemning the act. Later after one year Russell and Albert Einstein declared the Russell-Einstein Manifesto demanding for ban on the nuclear war technologies. (Jager). In the year 1958 he also became the founding president of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament and was the Honorary President of the Committee in 1960. Later in year 1961, Russell was captured and put into prison for a week this time because of his anti-nuclear protests. This time the media coverage that he received led to the enhancement of his reputation and some youths who were inspired by his ideologies joined him in the protest against the anti-nuclear message. In the beginning of 1963 he also worked for several other issues one including lobbying on the behalf of the prisoners who were imprisoned due to political reasons with the help of Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation. Throughout his entire life, Russell saw himself only as a writer and not a philosopher, he listed Author as his profession. As Russell says in his Autobiography, I resolved not to adopt a profession, but to devote myself to writing (Russell). When he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in the year 1950, Russell emphasized on the topics related to his work as a social activist in his speech. Three of the most significant social influences of Bertrand Russell are found from the following three sources: Russells social activism which he was involved for quite a long time, the social and the political issues of his time period which he addressed and the theoretical ideologies and also his popular writings regarding philosophy and various natural sciences. Among several popular works of Russell the following two are his best-selling books, The Problems of Philosophy published in 1912 and A History of Western Philosophy published in 1945. These books along with other books have educated and informed the readers one generation after another. The works of Russell related to history helped the future researchers to a great extent from the historical figures existing before Socrates to Leibniz (Jorgensen). The problems pointed out by Russell is still used in the form of introductory lessons and has been used for over a century and these books has been written in very simple langu age and can be understood by everyone very easily (Landini). The scientific books written by Russell such as The ABC of Atoms (1923) and The ABC of Relativity (1925) are read rather as a work historical interest nowadays. Even then, these books continue to impart intellectual interest related to the scientific and philosophical advancements of the twentieth century. Russell believed in the evidences rather than following superstition blindly, he said that I wish to propose for the readers favourable consideration, says Russell, a doctrine which may, I fear, appear wildly paradoxical and subversive. The doctrine in question is this: that it is undesirable to believe a proposition when there is no ground whatever for supposing it true (Russell). Normally enough, Russell saw an important co-relation between social progress and the role of education in it. According to Russell, Education is the key to the new world. For many years Russell has been a topic of a lot of creative works, including MrAppolinax by T.S. Eliot (1917), The Blind Man by D.H. Lawrence (1920), Chrome Yellow by Aldous Huxley (1921). The World as I Found It by Bruce Duffy (1987) and the graphic novel Logicomix: An Epic Search for Truth by Apostolos Doxiadis and Christos Papadimitriou (2009). Since the death of Russell, discussion has additionally occurred over a definitive significance of Russell's commitments, not simply to the subject of philosophy, but as well as to the other disciplines. Others have noticed his clear early discrimination against Jews and his support of an atomic war against Russia after World War II On the issue of a preventive war, Russell later on went back on his words of having attempted such initiatives. In any case, in the wake of checking on precisely the authentic record, biographer Ronald Clark arrives at an alternate conclusion. Maybe because of such perceptions, numerous readers stay confused when trying to examine Russell's general commitment to the scholarly existence of 20th century. All things being equal, paying little heed to his numerous specific commitments, Russell's enduring notoriety has additionally profited fundamentally from his steady ability to desert unsupported speculations and obsolete convictions. Russell said: Against my will, in the course of my travels, the belief that everything worth knowing was known at Cambridge gradually wore off. In this respect, says Russell, my travels were very useful to me (Russell). Thus the contributions of Bertrand Russell in the field of philosophy, mathematics, and the society itself is immense and people will be forever indebted to hi References: Ayer, A. J. "16. Russell and Moore: The Analytical Heritage." (2016). Blackwell, Kenneth. "43. The Collected Papers of Bertrand Russell, vol. I, Cambridge Essays 188899." (2016). Candlish, Stewart.The Russell/Bradley Dispute and Its Significance for Twentieth Century Philosophy. Springer, 2016. Dummett, Michael.Origins of analytical philosophy. AC Black, 2014. Dunham, William. "Bertrand Russell at Bryn Mawr."The Mathematical Intelligencer38.3 (2016): 30-40. Fritz Jr, Charles A.Bertrand Russell's construction of the external world. Routledge, 2014. Grayling, A. C.Bertrand Russell. Fri tanke, 2015. Hylton, Peter. "Problems of Philosophy as a Stage in the Evolution of Russell's Views on Knowledge." (2015). Jager, Ronald.The development of Bertrand Russell's philosophy. Vol. 11. Routledge, 2014. Jorgensen, Henry.Thorstein Veblen: Victorian Firebrand: Victorian Firebrand. Routledge, 2017. Landini, Gregory. "The Collected Papers of Bertrand Russell, Volume 5: Toward Principia Mathematica, 19051908." (2015): 162-178. Madigan, Tim, and Peter Stone. "Bertrand Russell: Public Intellectual." (2016). Roos, J. P. "False and repressed memories and autobiography."Trauma: Life Stories of Survivors(2017): 207. Russell, Bertrand.The scientific outlook. Routledge, 2017. Stone, Peter, et al.Bertrand Russell's Life and Legacy. Vernon Press, 2017. Stone, Peter. "The Passionate Bertrand Russell."Philosophy Now120 (2017): 6-8.